The Dichotomous Responses Driven by β-Defensins

Copyright © 2020 Shelley, Davidson and Dorin..

Defensins are short, rapidly evolving, cationic antimicrobial host defence peptides with a repertoire of functions, still incompletely realised, that extends beyond direct microbial killing. They are released or secreted at epithelial surfaces, and in some cases, from immune cells in response to infection and inflammation. Defensins have been described as endogenous alarmins, alerting the body to danger and responding to inflammatory signals by promoting both local innate and adaptive systemic immune responses. However, there is now increasing evidence that they exert variable control on the response to danger; creating a dichotomous response that can suppress inflammation in some circumstances but exacerbate the response to danger and damage in others and, at higher levels, lead to a cytotoxic effect. Focussing in this review on human β-defensins, we discuss the evidence for their functions as proinflammatory, immune activators amplifying the response to infection or damage signals and/or as mediators of resolution of damage, contributing to a return to homeostasis. Finally, we consider their involvement in the development of autoimmune diseases.

Medienart:

E-Artikel

Erscheinungsjahr:

2020

Erschienen:

2020

Enthalten in:

Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:11

Enthalten in:

Frontiers in immunology - 11(2020) vom: 26., Seite 1176

Sprache:

Englisch

Beteiligte Personen:

Shelley, Jennifer R [VerfasserIn]
Davidson, Donald J [VerfasserIn]
Dorin, Julia R [VerfasserIn]

Links:

Volltext

Themen:

AMP
Atopic dermatitis
Autoimmunity
Beta defensin
Beta-Defensins
Immunomodulation
Journal Article
Psoriasis
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

Anmerkungen:

Date Completed 02.04.2021

Date Revised 02.04.2021

published: Electronic-eCollection

Citation Status MEDLINE

doi:

10.3389/fimmu.2020.01176

funding:

Förderinstitution / Projekttitel:

PPN (Katalog-ID):

NLM311737714