Anhydroecgonine methyl ester (AEME), a cocaine pyrolysis product, impairs glutathione-related enzymes response and increases lipid peroxidation in the hippocampal cell culture
© 2019 The Authors..
Crack cocaine smokers inhale, alongside with cocaine, its pyrolysis product, anhydroecgonine methyl ester (AEME). We have previously described AEME neurotoxic effect and its additive effect when co-incubated with cocaine. Our aim was to evaluate, the effect of AEME, cocaine and AEME-cocaine combination on glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities after 3 and 6 h of exposure, periods previous to neuronal death. Lipid peroxidation was evaluated through malonaldehyde (MDA) levels at 3, 6, 24 and 48 h of exposure. All treated groups reduced neuronal viability after 24 h of exposure. AEME and cocaine decreased GPx, GR and GST activities after 3 and 6 h, with an increase in MDA levels after 48 h. AEME-cocaine combination decreased the enzymes activities after 3 and 6 h, showing an additive effect in MDA levels after 48 h. These data show that the glutathione-related enzymes imbalance caused by AEME, cocaine or AEME-cocaine combination exposure preceded neuronal death and lipid peroxidation. Moreover, the additive effect on lipid peroxidation observed with AEME-cocaine exposure after 48 h, suggest a higher neurotoxic effect after crack cocaine use when compared to cocaine alone.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2019 |
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| Erschienen: |
2019 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:6 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Toxicology reports - 6(2019) vom: 01., Seite 1223-1229 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Garcia, Raphael Caio Tamborelli [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
AEME |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Revised 01.10.2020 published: Electronic-eCollection Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.11.001 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM303707038 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Anhydroecgonine methyl ester (AEME), a cocaine pyrolysis product, impairs glutathione-related enzymes response and increases lipid peroxidation in the hippocampal cell culture |
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| 500 | |a published: Electronic-eCollection | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a © 2019 The Authors. | ||
| 520 | |a Crack cocaine smokers inhale, alongside with cocaine, its pyrolysis product, anhydroecgonine methyl ester (AEME). We have previously described AEME neurotoxic effect and its additive effect when co-incubated with cocaine. Our aim was to evaluate, the effect of AEME, cocaine and AEME-cocaine combination on glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities after 3 and 6 h of exposure, periods previous to neuronal death. Lipid peroxidation was evaluated through malonaldehyde (MDA) levels at 3, 6, 24 and 48 h of exposure. All treated groups reduced neuronal viability after 24 h of exposure. AEME and cocaine decreased GPx, GR and GST activities after 3 and 6 h, with an increase in MDA levels after 48 h. AEME-cocaine combination decreased the enzymes activities after 3 and 6 h, showing an additive effect in MDA levels after 48 h. These data show that the glutathione-related enzymes imbalance caused by AEME, cocaine or AEME-cocaine combination exposure preceded neuronal death and lipid peroxidation. Moreover, the additive effect on lipid peroxidation observed with AEME-cocaine exposure after 48 h, suggest a higher neurotoxic effect after crack cocaine use when compared to cocaine alone | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a AEME | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Anhydroecgonine methyl ester | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Cocaine | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Crack | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Lipid peroxidation | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Malonaldehyde | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Oxidative stress | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Torres, Larissa Lobo |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Dati, Livia Mendonça Munhoz |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Loureiro, Ana Paula de Melo |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Afeche, Solange Castro |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sandoval, Maria Regina Lopes |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Marcourakis, Tania |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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