Dietary cadmium intake and risk of cutaneous melanoma : An Italian population-based case-control study

Copyright © 2019 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved..

INTRODUCTION: Exposure to the heavy metal cadmium has been associated with many adverse health effects, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and cancer, possibly melanoma. In non-occupationally exposed individuals, food intake is a major source of cadmium exposure, after smoking. We aimed to assess the risk of melanoma in relation to dietary cadmium intake.

METHODS: Using a population-based case-control study design, we recruited 380 incident cases of newly-diagnosed cutaneous melanoma and 719 matched controls in the Emilia-Romagna Region, Northern Italy in the years 2005-2006. We evaluated dietary intake using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. We used conditional logistic regression to compute odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for melanoma according to quintiles of dietary cadmium intake, adjusting for several potential confounders, and we modeled the association non-parametrically, using restricted cubic splines.

RESULTS: Median energy-adjusted intake of cadmium was 6.11 μg/day (interquartile range 5.38-6.91) among cases and 5.97 μg/day (5.15-6.79) among controls. For each 1 μg/day-increase in cadmium intake, the OR for melanoma was 1.11 (95% CI 1.00-1.24). Melanoma risk generally increased with increasing quintile of cadmium exposure, with ORs of 1.55 (95% CI 0.99-2.42), 1.54 (95% CI 0.99-2-40), 1.75 (95% CI 1.12-2.75), and 1.65 (95% CI 1.05-2.61) for the second through fifth quintiles, compared with the lowest quintile. Sex-stratified analysis showed ORs per 1 μg/day-increase in cadmium intake of 1.10 (95% CI 0.93-1-29) among men and 1.15 (95% CI 0.99-1.33) among women. Using spline regression analysis, we observed a generally linear increase in melanoma risk up to 6 μg/day of cadmium intake, after which the risk appeared to plateau.

CONCLUSIONS: We observed a positive non-linear association between dietary cadmium intake and risk of cutaneous melanoma in a Northern Italy population. However, further studies are needed to elucidate this association, due to concerns about exposure misclassification, unmeasured confounding, and the limited and conflicting evidence from epidemiological findings.

Medienart:

E-Artikel

Erscheinungsjahr:

2019

Erschienen:

2019

Enthalten in:

Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:56

Enthalten in:

Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) - 56(2019) vom: 23. Dez., Seite 100-106

Sprache:

Englisch

Beteiligte Personen:

Filippini, Tommaso [VerfasserIn]
Malagoli, Carlotta [VerfasserIn]
Wise, Lauren A [VerfasserIn]
Malavolti, Marcella [VerfasserIn]
Pellacani, Giovanni [VerfasserIn]
Vinceti, Marco [VerfasserIn]

Links:

Volltext

Themen:

00BH33GNGH
Cadmium
Case-control study
Diet
Journal Article
Melanoma
Risk
Spline

Anmerkungen:

Date Completed 05.02.2020

Date Revised 13.12.2023

published: Print-Electronic

Citation Status MEDLINE

doi:

10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.08.002

funding:

Förderinstitution / Projekttitel:

PPN (Katalog-ID):

NLM300526709