Dietary cadmium intake and risk of cutaneous melanoma : An Italian population-based case-control study
Copyright © 2019 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved..
INTRODUCTION: Exposure to the heavy metal cadmium has been associated with many adverse health effects, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and cancer, possibly melanoma. In non-occupationally exposed individuals, food intake is a major source of cadmium exposure, after smoking. We aimed to assess the risk of melanoma in relation to dietary cadmium intake.
METHODS: Using a population-based case-control study design, we recruited 380 incident cases of newly-diagnosed cutaneous melanoma and 719 matched controls in the Emilia-Romagna Region, Northern Italy in the years 2005-2006. We evaluated dietary intake using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. We used conditional logistic regression to compute odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for melanoma according to quintiles of dietary cadmium intake, adjusting for several potential confounders, and we modeled the association non-parametrically, using restricted cubic splines.
RESULTS: Median energy-adjusted intake of cadmium was 6.11 μg/day (interquartile range 5.38-6.91) among cases and 5.97 μg/day (5.15-6.79) among controls. For each 1 μg/day-increase in cadmium intake, the OR for melanoma was 1.11 (95% CI 1.00-1.24). Melanoma risk generally increased with increasing quintile of cadmium exposure, with ORs of 1.55 (95% CI 0.99-2.42), 1.54 (95% CI 0.99-2-40), 1.75 (95% CI 1.12-2.75), and 1.65 (95% CI 1.05-2.61) for the second through fifth quintiles, compared with the lowest quintile. Sex-stratified analysis showed ORs per 1 μg/day-increase in cadmium intake of 1.10 (95% CI 0.93-1-29) among men and 1.15 (95% CI 0.99-1.33) among women. Using spline regression analysis, we observed a generally linear increase in melanoma risk up to 6 μg/day of cadmium intake, after which the risk appeared to plateau.
CONCLUSIONS: We observed a positive non-linear association between dietary cadmium intake and risk of cutaneous melanoma in a Northern Italy population. However, further studies are needed to elucidate this association, due to concerns about exposure misclassification, unmeasured confounding, and the limited and conflicting evidence from epidemiological findings.
Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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Erscheinungsjahr: |
2019 |
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Erschienen: |
2019 |
Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:56 |
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Enthalten in: |
Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) - 56(2019) vom: 23. Dez., Seite 100-106 |
Sprache: |
Englisch |
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Beteiligte Personen: |
Filippini, Tommaso [VerfasserIn] |
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Links: |
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Themen: |
00BH33GNGH |
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Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 05.02.2020 Date Revised 13.12.2023 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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doi: |
10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.08.002 |
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funding: |
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Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM300526709 |
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520 | |a INTRODUCTION: Exposure to the heavy metal cadmium has been associated with many adverse health effects, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and cancer, possibly melanoma. In non-occupationally exposed individuals, food intake is a major source of cadmium exposure, after smoking. We aimed to assess the risk of melanoma in relation to dietary cadmium intake | ||
520 | |a METHODS: Using a population-based case-control study design, we recruited 380 incident cases of newly-diagnosed cutaneous melanoma and 719 matched controls in the Emilia-Romagna Region, Northern Italy in the years 2005-2006. We evaluated dietary intake using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. We used conditional logistic regression to compute odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for melanoma according to quintiles of dietary cadmium intake, adjusting for several potential confounders, and we modeled the association non-parametrically, using restricted cubic splines | ||
520 | |a RESULTS: Median energy-adjusted intake of cadmium was 6.11 μg/day (interquartile range 5.38-6.91) among cases and 5.97 μg/day (5.15-6.79) among controls. For each 1 μg/day-increase in cadmium intake, the OR for melanoma was 1.11 (95% CI 1.00-1.24). Melanoma risk generally increased with increasing quintile of cadmium exposure, with ORs of 1.55 (95% CI 0.99-2.42), 1.54 (95% CI 0.99-2-40), 1.75 (95% CI 1.12-2.75), and 1.65 (95% CI 1.05-2.61) for the second through fifth quintiles, compared with the lowest quintile. Sex-stratified analysis showed ORs per 1 μg/day-increase in cadmium intake of 1.10 (95% CI 0.93-1-29) among men and 1.15 (95% CI 0.99-1.33) among women. Using spline regression analysis, we observed a generally linear increase in melanoma risk up to 6 μg/day of cadmium intake, after which the risk appeared to plateau | ||
520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: We observed a positive non-linear association between dietary cadmium intake and risk of cutaneous melanoma in a Northern Italy population. However, further studies are needed to elucidate this association, due to concerns about exposure misclassification, unmeasured confounding, and the limited and conflicting evidence from epidemiological findings | ||
650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
650 | 4 | |a Cadmium | |
650 | 4 | |a Case-control study | |
650 | 4 | |a Diet | |
650 | 4 | |a Melanoma | |
650 | 4 | |a Risk | |
650 | 4 | |a Spline | |
650 | 7 | |a Cadmium |2 NLM | |
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700 | 1 | |a Malavolti, Marcella |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Pellacani, Giovanni |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Vinceti, Marco |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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